大名儿叫fundamental science,别名也有叫basic science或者pure science的.
定义:Fundamental science (or basic science,pure science) is science that describes the most basic objects,forces,relations between them and laws governing them,such that all other phenomena may be in principle derived from them following the logic of scientific reductionism.
而且仅从语言角度看,fundamental也比basic更确切.basic包含简略、大略的含义.而fundamental就是基础的,在这里用更恰当.