昨天刚答过,这里再贴一下.
1.如果能用Cauchy不等式,那么直接有(x+2y+z)² ≤ (1²+2²+1²)(x²+y²+z²) = 36.
如果不能用,可以参考Cauchy不等式进行配方:
(x+2y+z)² = x²+4y²+z²+4xy+4yz+2zx = 6(x²+y²+z²)-(4x²-4xy+y²)-(y²-4yz+4z²)-(z²-2zx+x²)
= 36-(2x-y)²-(y-2z)²-(z-x)² ≤ 36,于是x+2y+z ≤ 6.
易见当x = 1,y =2,z = 1时等号成立,故x+2y+z最大值为6.
2.|a+1|-2a ≥ x+2y+z对所有满足条件的x,y,z恒成立等价于|a+1|-2a不小于x+2y+z的最大值.
即|a+1|-2a ≥ 6.
若a ≥ -1,有a+1-2a ≥ 6,得-1 ≤ a ≤ -5,无解.
若a < -1,有-1-a-2a ≥ 6,得a ≤ -7/3 < -1.
于是a的取值范围为(-∞,-7/3].