有主语补足语和宾语补足语:
1.主语补足语即被动语态中的宾语补足语.
eg.They caught boy stealing.
被动语态 The boy was caught stealing.
stealing 即为主语补足语
被动语态后的主语补足语
对于主语补足语,语法家们各有不同的看法.有的把连系动词后面的部分称作主语补足语;有的又把被动语态后的补足语称作表语,与被动语态一起称作复合谓语.笔者通过教学体会到,还是把被动语态后面的补足语称作主语补足语好些.这是因为学生很容易接受“宾语补足语”,而如果把带有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句,原来补充说明宾语的部分就变成补充说明主语了.
宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分.宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语.
(A)名词/代词宾格 + 名词
The war made him a soldier.战争使他成为一名战士.
(B)名词/代词宾格 + 形容词
New methods make the job easy.新方法使这项工作变得轻松.
(C)名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语
I often find him at work.我经常发现他在工作.
(D)名词/代词宾格 + 副词
What kept him abroad .什么使得他呆在国外呢?
(E)名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式
The teacher ask the students to close the windows.老师让学生们关上窗户.
(F)名词/代词宾格 + 分词
I saw a cat running across the road.我看见一只猫跑过了马路.
His mother kept him locked at home and went out .
2.宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分.宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语.
(A)名词/代词宾格 + 名词
The war made him a soldier.战争使他成为一名战士.
(B)名词/代词宾格 + 形容词
New methods make the job easy.新方法使这项工作变得轻松.
(C)名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语
I often find him at work.我经常发现他在工作.
(D)名词/代词宾格 + 副词
What kept him abroad .什么使得他呆在国外呢?
(E)名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式
The teacher ask the students to close the windows.老师让学生们关上窗户.
(F)名词/代词宾格 + 分词
I saw a cat running across the road.我看见一只猫跑过了马路.
His mother kept him locked at home and went out .