with sth.to do 和 with sth.to be done; have sth to 和have sth
1个回答
你这两个问题归结到一起,就是sth to do 和sth to be done的区别问题：
“with+宾语+宾语补足语”这种结构一般叫做with复合结构.
该结构和“及物动词（尤其是感官动词/使役动词）+宾语+宾语补足语”结构有着许多相似之处,但也有着较大的区别.
其后面的宾补如果是动词,其形式选择如下判断：
先看该动词所表动作有无发生,如果是未发生即将来的动作,则一律使用不定式的主动结构即：with+宾语+to do (sth)
如：With much homework to do,I can't go out with you tonight.
homework虽然是被do,但该动作尚未发生,所以还是用to do,而不能用done或to be done.
再如：With a local guide to lead the way,we'll be able to find the village easily.
a local guide和lead the way是主动关系,但是该动作也尚未发生,所以不能用leading the way.
再看含义,仔细区别下列句子差异即可：
Do you have anything to be bought?你有什么（要我）买的东西吗?
Do you have anything to buy?你有什么（你要）买的东西吗?
相关问题
