形容词、副词最高级怎样转换成比较级?(句型转换)
2个回答

(1)构成

1)规则副词变化规则:

单音节词和少数双音节词

构成规则

词尾+er或est

以e结尾的词加r或st

以辅音字母+y结尾的词改y为i,再加er或est

例词

fast

faster

fastest

late

later

latest

early

earlier

earliest

多音节词和部分双音节词

构成规则

在词前加more或most

例词

slowly

more slowly

most slowly

carefully

more carefully

most carefully

2)少数不规则副词变化形式:

原级

well

badly

little

much

far

比较级

better

worse

less

more

farther/further

最高级

best

worst

least

most

farthest/furthest

(2)副词比较等级的用法

1)同级比较:表示两者在某一方面程度相同时,用“as+副词原形+as”;前者不如后者,用“not so/ as+副词原形+as”.如:

The boys are listening as carefully as the girls.男生们跟女生们一样在认真地听.

He didn’t dance so / as well as Jim.他跳舞没有吉姆跳得好.

2)比较级:表示一方程度比另一方更高时,用“副词比较级+than”的句式.在这一句式中,当than前后的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面的动词.该动词或助动词可以省略.如:

I sing better than she (does).我唱歌比她唱得好.

Trains run faster than cars.火车比汽车跑得快.

3)最高级:表示三个或三个以上的人或物比较时,用副词最高级.结构为:“the + 副词最高级 + 比较范围”.其中the常省去,比较范围常用of或in的介词短语.如:

Maria speaks English (the) best in our class.在我们班上,玛丽亚英语讲得最好.

He studies (the) hardest of the three boys.这三个男孩中,他学习最用功.

(3)学习副词的比较等级应注意的问题

1)副词的比较等级之间往往可以进行同义转换,即句子的意义相同,但句子的结构却不同.如:

Jane speaks English best in her class.

=Jane speaks English better than any other student in her class.简在班上英语讲得最好.

Bill runs faster than Jack.= Jack doesn’t run so fast as Bill.比尔比杰克跑得快.

2)副词最高级转换成比较级时,被比较的对象应用“any other +单数名词”或“the other + 复数名词”,排除主语本身.如:

Mark works hardest in his class.= Mark works harder than any other student in his class.

= Mark works harder than the other students in his class.马克在班上学习最用功.

3)副词比较级前常用much,a little,still,even修饰,表示“更……”,这也可以作为判断比较级的依据.如:

Alice sings well,but Jenny sings even better.艾丽丝歌唱得好,但是珍妮唱得更好.

My brother did much better in his lessons than I.我哥哥功课学得比我好多了.

Tony jumped a little farther than Sam.托尼跳得比萨姆远一点.

4)在运用not as/ so … as时,not应与系动词be,助动词do,does,did等连用,置于实义动词之前,系动词、助动词之后.如:

彼得起床没有保罗早.

Peter gets up not as early as Paul.(误)

Peter doesn’t get up as early as Paul.(正)

形容词、副词比较级、最高级

比较等级要变化,一般词尾加er (est);

词尾若有哑音e,直接加r (st)就可以;

一辅重读闭音节,辅音字母要双写;

辅音字母加上y,要把y来变为i.

说明:1.形容词(副词)比较级形式一般是由“adj./ adv.+er”构成,最高级“adj./ adv.+est”构成.

2.多音节和部分双音节形容词(副词)在词前加more和most构成比较级和最高级.

3.有些形容词(副词)的等级变化不规则,必须单独记.