(I)记“该射手用这3支已经试射校正过的枪各射击一次,目标被击中的次数为i”为事件A i(i=0,1,2,3),且彼此互斥;记“该射手用这3支已经试射校正过的枪各射击一次,目标被击中的次数为奇数”为事件B.
∵P(A 1)=
C 13 (
4
5 ) 1 (
1
5 ) 2 =
12
125 ,P(A 3)=
C 33 (
4
5 ) 3 =
64
125
∴P(B)=P(A 1)+P(A 3)=
12
125 +
64
125 =
76
125
答:目标被击中的次数为奇数的概率为
76
125 .
(II)ξ可能的取值为0,1,2,3,4
∵P(ξ=0)=
C 03 (
1
5 ) 3 ×
4
5 =
4
625
P(ξ=1)=
C 13
4
5 × (
1
5 ) 2 ×
4
5 +
C 03 (
1
5 ) 3 ×
1
5 =
49
625
P(ξ=2)=
C 23 (
4
5 ) 2 ×
1
5 ×
4
5 +
C 13
4
5 × (
1
5 ) 2 ×
1
5 =
204
625
P(ξ=3)=
C 33 (
4
5 ) 3 ×
4
5 +
C 23 (
4
5 ) 2 ×
1
5 ×
1
5 =
304
625
P(ξ=4)=
C 33 (
4
5 ) 3 ×
1
5 =
64
625
∴ξ的分布列为
ξ 0 1 2 3 4
P
4
625
49
625
204
625
304
625
64
625 ∴Eξ=0×
4
625 +1×
49
625 +2×
204
625 +3×
304
625 +4×
64
625 =
13
5
答:随机变量ξ的数学期望为
13
5 .