Please return the book to me before next Monday.
till=until
连词 conj.直到…为止
up to the time when
· I'll wait until he arrives and then I'll leave.
我要等他来以后再离开.
· Go straight on untill you come to a large red building.
一直往前,走到一幢高大的红色建筑物为止.
· Let's wait until the rain stops.
咱们等雨停吧.
· The teacher kept on asking the students questions until the bell rang.
老师反复向学生提问,直到下课铃响.
连词 conj.（在否定句中）在…之前
in (in negative constructions) before
· I shan't do that until you come back.
在你回来之前,我不会干那件事.
· We won't come to any decision until we have had a chance to discuss the problem thoroughly.
我们有机会充分讨论这个问题再决定下来.
· Until you told me I had no idea of it.
在你告诉我之前,我对此一无所知.
介词 prep.直到…为止
up to a certain time
· It was only a week until Christmas.
离圣诞节只有一个星期了.
· She will stay until Saturday.
她要一直呆到星期六.
介词 prep.在…之前；不到…（不）
before
· I can't come until tomorrow.
我得明天才能来.
· Not until noon did it stop raining.
直到中午雨才停止.
· Until then,I knew nothing at all about it.
在那以前,我对此一无所知.
· Until her father's death,she had always lived in London.
在她父亲去世之前,她一直住在伦敦.
by
[bai]
prep.
在...旁,靠近
从...旁边经过; 在...身边
(方向)偏于
沿; 经,由
[表示交通工具等]乘,坐
在(白天、夜晚等的)情况下
不迟于; 到...时(为止)
[表示方法、手段]靠,用,通过
由于
[表示数量,程度]按...计算; 根据,按
被,由
相差
[表示面积]对,比
逐一
[表示关系]就...来说
对,对待
对着...(发誓)
用...去乘[除]
He sat down just by the door.
他正坐在门的旁边.
I go by the house every day.
我每天路过那所房子.
She'll return by Shanghai.
她将经上海回来.
I came back by bus.
我是乘公共汽车回来的.
The ship sailed north by east.
船沿着向北偏东的方向驶去.
They marched by night.
他们夜里进军.
He had finished the work by ten o'clock this morning.
到今天上午十点钟,他已完成了这项工作.
He saluted her by raising his hat.
他举起帽子向她致意.
They sold apples by catty.
他们按斤卖苹果.
Nine divided by three is three.
九除以三得三.
He lives in a room 5m by 4m.
他住在一间长五米宽四米的房间里.
The children went in two by two.
孩子们两个两个地进去.
He did well by me.
他待我好.
习惯用语
by and again 时时,常常
by and by不久以后; 不一会儿; 连续不断地; 立刻; 马上
by and large 总的说来,基本上 【航海】不管吃风不吃风(船照常行驶)
by oneself 单独 独自,没有人帮助
by the way 顺便提一下
