英语短语问题have sb do sthhave sb doing sthhave sth to do have sth
2个回答

have sth.done:可以表示无意识的被动行为或有意识的让别人替自己做事

1.have sth done

“ have + sth (宾语) + 过去分词(宾语补足语)”意为“让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事”.宾语 sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语,说明 sth 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系.例如:

We had the machine mended just now.

我们刚才请人把机器修好了.

He has had his hair cut.他(请人给他)理发了.

The patient is going to have his temperature taken.

这个病人准备请 / 叫 / 让人量体温.

have sb do sth

“ have + sb (宾语) + do sth (宾语补足语)”意为“让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事”.此结构中的 have 是使役动词,sb 作宾语,其后的 do sth 是省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语.例如:

The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day.

老板经常要他们一天工作 14 个小时.

I'll have someone repair the bike for you.

我会让人为你修理自行车的.

have sb doing sth 有两种意思:

1.使某人开始做某事

2.劝说或命令某人做某事

have sb do sth 是美式英语,只有 have sb doing sth 的第二种意思.

As his parent,you shouldn’t have your child reading such a book

不应该那么早让孩子开始读如此深奥的书

have sth. to do这一结构中的have意为“有”,即“有某事要做”.

have sth.to do 是要干某事,这件事是由主语来做的,而have sth.to be done是有事要做,这件事本质上不是由主语来做的.

比方说:I have my dinner to cook.这里的饭是我做的,而I have my hair to be cut.头发不是我来剪的,是理发师,但我要剪头发.

have sth.to be done是有些事情等着被做,其中的不定式表此时目前还没有被做.而have sth.done指的是此事已经被做完.二者有一个时间差.

另外要注意的是have sth.done短语中,做这件事情的人一定不是你自己而是别人

I have my hair done this morning.肯定是别人帮你剪的头发.因此如果是自己做的事情不能用此短语.

have anything to be done应该是用在疑问句中.如:Do you have anything to be done?意思是你还有什么事需要(我来)做的么?