1)表层次:

first,firstly,to begin with,further,in the first place

second,secondly,to start with,still,furthermore

third,thirdly,what is more,last,last but not least

also,and then,next,besides

and equally important too moreover

besides in addtion finally

2)表转折；

by contrast although though yet

at the same time but despitethe fact that even so

in contrast nevertheless even though for all that

notwithstanding on the contarary however in spite of

on the other hand otherwise instead still

regardless

3)表因果；

therfore consequently because of for the reason

thus hence due to owing to

so accordingly thanks to on this account

since as on that account in this way

for as a result as a consequence

4）表让步：

still nevertheless concession granted naturally

in spite of all the same of course despite

even so after all

5)表递近：

furthermore moreover likewise what is more

besides also not only...but also...

too in addtion

6)表举例：

for example for instance for one thing that is

to illustrate as an illustration a case in point

7)表解释：

as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely

in other words

8)表总结：

in summary in a word thus as has been said

in brief in conclusion altogether in other words

to conclude in fact finally in simpler terms

indeed in short in particular that is

in other words of course on the whole to put it differently

namely in all therefore to summarize

递进:then(然后),besides,furthermore(而且),moreover (此外),what’s more,even ;in addition ；What’s worse / Even worse / Worse still /To make matters worse等.

what’s worse,above all,not only …but also

转折:however(然而),but,on the contrary(相反),after all(毕竟) ,although; in spite of ;On the other hand； instead ; yet,while,though,

总结:finally,at last,in brief(总之),in conclusion(最后),in short ; in general ; generally speaking,at last,in a word,

强调:indeed,certainly(一定),surely(确定),above all(尤其)等.

对比:in the same way(同样地),just as(正如),on one hand… ；on the other hand(一方面……另一方面……)等.

并列：and; as well as ; also,both…and,either…or,

选择：or; either—or; or else; otherwise等.

原因：because ; owing to; due to ;on account of ; thanks to,because (of),as a result (of),so,for,owing to,

结果：so ; therefore ; thus ; as a result等.

时间：when ;soon after ; before; later ; first ; and then ; next ; finally ; afterwards等.

一…就…：The moment / On doing / as soon as /immediately / directly

不久：It was not long before … / After a while / Soon

然后：After that / Then / So / Next

同时：At the same time / Meanwhile

举例for example/instance; such as ; that is ; namely等.

顺序：First / Second / Third /finally,after that,since then,later /Last / Next/Then/

条件：If / As long as / So long as /on condition that / unless

强调：It was …that / who … / So she did ./I do hope … / She did help me./It really worked./ besides/ furthermore/moreover/what’s more/ certainly/ actually/ in fact

indeed,certainly,surely,above all…

其它：

不得不做某事：have to do sth./have no choice but to do sth./have nothing to do but do sth.

有必要做某事：There is no need (for sb.) to do sth./It is necessary (for sb.)to do …

最好 做某 事：You’d better do sth./ It’s better to do sth.

做某事没困难：have no difficulty in doing sth./ have no trouble in doing sth.

thank sb./ be thankful to sb./ express one’s thanks to sb./be grateful to sb./ Thanks to …

求助某 人：turn to sb.for help / ask sb.for help / with the help of / with one’s help

惊奇：To one’s surprise / In surprise / Surprisingly / only +不定式（表意外结果）

结果：As a result / Therefore / Thus / So

总结：In a word / In short / Above all / After all/ generally speaking/ to sum up/ in all/altogether / as is known to all

表达观点：In my opinion / I think / I believe / I’m sure / I guess

原因如下（很多）：he reasons are as follows./here are many reasons for it.

浪费金钱（时间）：It’s a waste of money / time …