1 怎么区分现在完成时和过去完成时.?能举几个例子吗.?
现在完成时 由助动词have/has+过去分词构成,通常两种用法:
1.强调过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响,常与表示不确切时间的副词(如already,yet,just,recently,so far,in the past twenty years,等)连用.如:
The man has already left.(He is not here now.)
2.表示动作(延续性的)或状态从过去某时延续到现在,可与for+时间段或since+时间点连用.如:
Mary has studied Chinese for five months.=(Mary has studied Chinese since five months ago.)(表动作的延续)
He has been back home for three hours.(表状态的延续)
过去完成时 表示发生在某个过去动作之前的动作,即"过去的过去",由had+过去分词构成.常与一般过去时从句搭配:
When I got to the bookshop,my sister had left.
("leave"发生在"get to the shop"之前)
When Mary arrived at the cinema,the film had been on for fifteen minutes.
("be on"发生在"arrive at the cinema"之前)
2.宾语从句和定语从句有什么区别.?能举几个例子吗.?
定语从句:用于修饰句子成分 ,如主宾状等,去掉后句子完整.
宾语从句:用于构成句子成分,作宾语,一般由that引导句子,去掉后句子不完整.
如：
定从－－The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John.定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词.如去掉who answered the question 则变为The student is John 句子也是完整的
宾从－－He told that he would go to the college the next year
他告诉我他下一年上大学.去掉that之后的内容句子不完整
3 引导词whom和引导词who的区别是什么吖
who是主格形式,而whom是宾格形式,不能替代主语.
Whom 只能出现在从句里面或是介词（如 to, from, at, of..）后面.
(1)． Whom 出现在从句里面时,所有用whom的地方都可以用who代替.Whom 这个词只出现在很正式的书面语.口语不用.
(2)． Whom 在介词（如 to, from, at, of..）后面时,不可替换.
Who told you the story? （主语）
Who is that man over there? （主语补语）
Whom/ Who did you meet at the airport? （宾语）
Whom did you give the book to? （介词宾语）
whom是who的宾格,在现代英语中一般只用于书面体,在口WHO 可以做主语,又可以做宾语
WHOM只能做宾语
例子：(1),who are you? 不能是whom are you?
(2),This book belongs to whom/who?两者都可以语中通常用who,但在介词后只能用whom.
4.Who is the comrade ____ was there?
为什么是that 而不是whom或who吖.?
这个问题你可以参考上面那道题 that 在定语从句中指人时 相当于who 或whom 这里的comrade 是做主语 因此从语法上讲 可以用that 也可以用who 但是从语感上来说 两个who有重复 一般不那么使用 因此用that
明白了吗?
