(For children and primary school pupils) (一) Developing oral communication skills Oral communication skills here refer to listening and speaking skills.They are very important skills for beginners.Children learning their native language begin by understanding through listening.They comprehend the language long before they can speak.With primary school pupils,it is better that we let them listen and understand the language first.Let them speak gradually when they feel ready and comfortable with it.In fact,listening and speaking are always used inseparably in real life situations.However,listening is an important basis for speaking.The following are some listening and speaking activities you can use in the classroom.Read them and discuss which ones are adaptable in your teaching and which ones are not practical for your situations and explain why.Listening Activities Listen and act/follow instructions This type of activity is also known as TPR (Total Physical Response).TPR is an extremely useful and adaptable teaching technique in the primary classroom for language learning.With TPR,children listen to their teacher telling them what to do and then do it.This is also the way how children acquired their first language.They are able to do things according to what they hear long before they are able to speak the language.By doing TPR,you are also giving chil- dren a sense of security.It does not matter if they cannot pronounce the word or say the sentence.They can simply listen and watch others to understand the meaning.For TPR activities,the easiest is to start with classroom commands,'touch' activities and verbs in action,etc.（二）Speaking activities Speaking activities do not need to be always reading aloud,reciting dialogues or repeating what the teacher said.When we speak,we speak with a purpose and we speak with interest as well.Therefore,we need to create interesting topics and genuine purposes for children to speak the language.Of course some imitations and repetitions are necessary to prepare children to speak,but even with imi- tations and repetitions,we can make them more interesting and meaningful.One important point to note is that speaking only develops gradually with plenty of practice and with a lot of encouragement.We should have realistic expectations with children beginning with English.The following are some speaking activities.Some of them are basic speaking activities and some of them are more advanced speaking activities.They can only be applied with different levels of learners and in different contexts.本文摘自：www.***.com