1 .It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something.
it——主语；
has——谓语；
long leaves——宾语（其中,long是定语,修饰leaves)
that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something——定语从句（其中：
that——主语；sway——谓语；in the wind——地点状语；like slim fingers reaching to touch something——介词短语的复合结构（介+宾+宾补）,作状语）
2.Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often .
bamboo——主语；
grows best——谓语；
in places——地点状语；
where it is warm and where it rains often——由and连接的两个定语从句.
3.But the most interesting thing about this remarkable plant is what people do with it is cut dowm.
But the most interesting thing about this remarkable plant——主语；
is——系动词；
what people do with it is cut dowm——表语从句（其中,what people do with it是主语；is cut dowm是被动结构的谓语）
4.They are hollow ,which makes them very light.
they——主语；
are——系动词；
hollow——表语；
which makes them very light——非限制性定语从句
5.Because bamboo is hollow,it can be fitted together and used as pipes to carry water brought from a river or lake.
Because bamboo is hollow——原因状语从句；
it——主语；
can be fitted together and used——并列谓语；
as pipes——方式状语；
to carry water brought from a river or lake——目的状语
