other,another,the other,others,the others的区别以及one other 等的用法
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(1) 指单数时,若泛指用 another,若特指用 the other(后接单数名词).如:

He quickly threw the ball to another player. 他迅速把球传给了另一名球员.

I climbed up the hill and ran down the other side. 我爬上了小山,又从另一面跑下来.

(2) 指复数时,若泛指用 other(后接复数名词),若特指用 the other(后接复数名词):

There are other ways of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法.

Where are the other students? 其他同学在哪里?

(3) others 永远表示复数意义,且其后不能再接名词.其用法大致相当于“other+复数名词”,同样地 the others 大致相当于“the other+复数名词”:

Show me some others. 再拿一些给我看.

He died so that others might live. 他牺牲了自己使别人能够活下来.

I was tired, and so were the others. 我累了,其他人也一样.

He is more careful than the others. 他比其他人更仔细

(4) another一般只能表单数,且其后接名词时也只能接单数名词.但是若其后有数词或 few 修饰时,则也可接复数名词:

Have another piece of cake. 再吃一块蛋糕.

I’ve got another three minutes. 我还有三分钟.

(5) 与 some 对比使用时,用 others(此时与 some 同义):

Some say yes, and others say no. 有人说对,有人说不对.

(6) 表示两者中的一个如何,另一个如何,可用 one...the other.如:

One is as light as the other is heavy. 一个轻, 另一个重.

These shoes do not match; one is large and the other is small. 这双鞋不相配,一只大,一只小.

(7) the other 后接 day, night 等时间名词时,表示“几天前,几天前的一个晚上”等.如:

I bought a pair of sports shoes the other day. 前几天我买了双运动鞋.

Other 有形容词和代词的意思,没有单独作主语/名词的情况! 表示其它的,如:

There are other ways to do this exercise. 做这个练习还可用别的方法.

*Others 表示剩下所有的,其余的人/物,可单独作主语/名词,其来源于other. 经常与some连用,表示一些,另一些;如:

Some boys are reading; others are listening to the radio. 有些孩子在阅读,有些则在听收音机.

*Another 有形容词代词两种词性,表示 又、再/同类事物(三个以上)的另一个, 例如:

He drank another glass of beer. 他又喝了一杯啤酒.

I don't like this one, please show me another. 我不喜欢这个,请给我另一个.

*the other 表示两者里面的另一个! 如:

I've bought two sweaters . One is for you and the other is for my brother. 我已经买了两件毛衣,一件给你,另一件给我的哥哥.

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