什么时侯用过去进行时,什么时候用been doing
1个回答

过去进行时

1) 概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作.

2) 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生.

3) 常用的时间状语

this morning,the whole morning,all day yesterday,from nine to ten last evening,when,while

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

It was raining when they left the station.

When I got to the top of the mountain,the sun was shining.

典型例题

1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A.made B.is making C.was making D.makes

答案C.割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时.同 时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时.

2) As she ___ the newspaper,Granny ___ asleep.

read; was falling B.was reading; fell C.was reading; was falling D.read;fell

答案B.句中的as = when,while,意为"当……之时".描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生.句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了."句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick.

have been doing 这是现在完成进行时,用法如下:

1 定义 现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到现在,可能还要继续下去.

2 现在完成进行时的构成

现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词”构成

3 现在完成进行时的基本句型

肯定式 疑问式 简略回答

I have been working.Have you been working?Yes,I/we have.

No,I/we haven’t.

He/She/It has been working.Has he/she/it been working?Yes,he/she/it has.

No,he/she/it hasn’t.

We/You/They have been working.Have they been working?Yes,they have.

No,they haven’t.

注:现在完成进行时基本上没有否定结构

4 现在完成时的语法作用

(1)在强调指出动作还未结束,还要继续下去.如:I’ve been reading this book for two hours,but I haven’t finished it.这本书我已读了两个小时了,但我还没读完.

I’ve read this book.我已读完这本书了.

(2)强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩.

She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的.

(3)动作不包含持续意义的动作,要表示延续到现在的动作,要用现在完成进行时.

They’ve been building a ship.(在进行)他们一直在造一艘船.

(4)现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情.

We’ve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面.

现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别

(1)现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式.试比较:

We’ve been living here for ten years.

We’ve lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了.

(2)在不用时间状语的情况下,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行.而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束.如:

The students have been preparing for the exam.(还在进行)学生们一直在准备考试.

The students have prepared for the exam.(已经结束)学生们为考试作了准备.

(3)有些表示状态,感情,感觉的动词如:have,exist,like,hate,hear,know,sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时,但可用于现在完成时.如:

They’ve known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了.