实际上,any that are 并不是什么固定搭配或者是具有固定意思的短语.
James believe that mentally sumulating activities may increase the number of brain cells available to replace any that are lost though aging.
首先,James believe that 引导的宾语从句;后面接詹姆斯认为的内容;
其次,mentally sumulating activities may increase the number of brain cells available to replace any that are lost though aging后面这一长串都是从句;再细分如下:
mentally sumulating activities may increase the number of brain cells为从句的主干;
之后的available to replace any that are lost though aging都是brain cells 的后置定语(一长串的形容,由于过长,所以采用后置定语放句后);
好了,到了解释any that are的时候了:此处any实际上是any brain cells的缩简,之后that are lost though aging 为定语从句,that为定语从句中的先行词(如果你已经学过定语从句的语法的话应该理解).