1
中学英语情态动词用法归纳与练习
A
can / could = be able to
1
表示能力两种时态
can (could)
,其他时态要用
be able to
的形式
He can speak French.
Was/were able to
可以表示成功做成某事的含义
* managed to do / succeeded in doing
2
表示请求或许可
Could
比
Can
更加客气
Can I go now?Y
es,you can.
3
表示推测或可能性,常用于否定句和疑问句
Today is Sunday.He can't be at school.
Could have done
可用在肯定句中表示过去存在的可能性
* may have done
She could have gone out with some friends yesterday
.
Could have done
可以表示虚拟语气
,
某事可能发生（并没有发生）
It was silly to throw the TV out of the window.It could have hit somebody.
B may and might
的用法
1
表示请求和允许
类似用法
can could(
更加口语化
)
May I watch TV now?
Y
es,you may
.
2
表示可能性
;
猜测
might
比
may
更加不确定
may/might have done
对过去的揣测
*
May not
可能不；不可能；一定不可
3
表示祝愿
Wish you success!May you succeed!*
C must and have to
1
表示必须；一定要
可以用
have to
代替
must
现在；将来的必须
而且是主观看法
*
have to
有多种时态
而且强调客观情况
I really must stop smoking now.
I had to leave early because I wasn’t
feeling well.
Must I come here?
Y
es,you must.No,you needn’t.needn’t / don’t have to
must not
2 must
表示推测
意思非常肯定
“
一定是
”“
一定会
”
It must be raining outside.
Must have done
对过去
/
完成的推测
*
must have done,didn’t / hasn’t
Must be doing
推测现在正在进行
He must have gone over the article,hasn’t he?
D need and dare
过去时
dared
情态动词和实意动词的区别
A
人称变化
B do / to do
C
直接否定
/
间接否定
can
work
Need /dare
肯定句中,实义动词
She needs to do it.I dare to do it.
使用在否定句
,
疑问句中,情态动词,实义动词.
I dare not do it.
I don’t dare (to) do it.
I need not do it.
I don’t need to do it.
1 need
情态动词
无时态；人称的变化
多用于疑问句和否定句
Y
ou needn’t try to explain.
Needn’t = don’t have to
Needn’t have done
sth
过去本不必做某事
*
虚拟语气
3 dare
情态动词
过去时
dared
无人称的变化
多用在疑问句和否定句
Dare he tell them what he knows?
4 dare
实义动词
有时态；
人称的变化后接
to do
用于疑问句和否定句时
其后的
to
有时可省
略
Do you dare (to) jump off the high wall?
E will and would
1
表示征求对方
(
第二人称
)
意见或询问对方意愿
would
比
will
更客气委婉
Would
与
used to
的区别
*
Would
只能用来表示重复的动作而不能表示状态
Used to
既可表示动作也可表示状态
,
强调现在不如此
He used to be a university student.
2 shall
肯定句中
表示说话人强烈的感情
允许,命令,禁止和威胁
*
2
These rules shall be obeyed.
4 should
表示劝告,建议
= ought to
应该
You should wash your hands first.
Should
主要表示主观看法
*
Ought to
客观情况
法律、规定、义务的使用
