[i:] [i] [E:] [E] [O:] [O] [u:] [u] [A:] [V] [Q] [e] [ai] [ei] [Oi] [iE] [CE] [uE] [Eu] [au] [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] [f] [v] [s] [z] [T] [D] [S] [Z] [tS] [dZ] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] [m] [n] [N] [h] [r] [l] [w] [j]
英语国际音标共48个,其中20个元音,20个辅音,3个鼻音,2个半元音,3个似拼音
元音
12个单元音
长元音 [i:] [E:] [O:] [u:] [A:]
短元音 [i] [E] [O] [u] [V] [Q] [e]
8个双元音:[ai] [ei] [Oi] [iE] [CE] [uE] [Eu] [au]
辅音10对
清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [T] [S] [tS] [tr] [ts]
浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [D] [Z] [dZ] [dr] [dz]
3个鼻音 [m] [n] [N]
3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l]
2个半元音 [w] [j]
巧记48个国际音标
单元音共十二,四二六前中后.
双元音也好背,合口集中八个整.
辅音共计二十八,八对一清又七浊,
四个连对也包括.有气无声清辅音,
有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握.
语音知识:
1) 字母：语言的书写形式.元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u
2) 音素：音的最小的单位.英语中有48音素.即20个元音音素和28个辅音音素.
3) 元音：发音响亮,是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音.英语中有20元音.
4) 辅音：发音不响亮,是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音.英语中有28辅音.
5) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.ap'ple,stu'dent,tea'cher,un'der'stand.
6) 开音节：x09a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due;
x09 b) 辅音+元音 he,go,hi.
7) 闭音节：x09a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;
b)元音+辅音it.
8) 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节.
读音规则
1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句).
2) 非重读音节 [ ] banana,student,today,after,[i] orange,secret,evening,very,Monday.
特殊读音
1）音的连读：前面的词以元辅音结尾,后面的单词以元音开头,这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读.
not at all,half an hour,I love you and all、after all.
2）失去爆破：辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去爆破.
good girl,good student,good job,expression,school,extreme.
3）音的同化：两个特殊的音碰到一起,会发出变异成特殊的音.
Would you do it?I am glad to meet you、Can't you see it?last year,this year.
重音
A)双音节词
a)一般在第一个音节重读.letter,sorry.
b)有 a-,be-,de-,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-,pre-,per-,pro-,trans-
等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音.a'bout,be'lieve,ad'dress,de'cide,re'port,con'demn,res'pect,com'pare,
in'form,dis'cuss,im'press,mis'take,en'force,pre'pare,em'ploy,per'mit,es'cape,pro'duce,ex'claim,trans'late
c)有 de-,in-,re-,con-,pre- 等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,其它的
词性在第二个音节上.'record,re'cord; 'insult,in'sult; 'conduct,con'duct; 'present pre'sent; 'content,con'tent.
d)有些复合词和带有前缀 re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词,有两个重音.
'out'side,'re'tell,'well-'known,'un'real,'fif'teen,'Chi'nese,'pre-'war,'post-'war.
B)多音节词
a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音.'difficult,'communist,'family,e'conomy,oppor'tunity,de'mocracy.
b)有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音
'carefully,in'definite,'comfortable,con'ductor,ac'cording,dis'turbance,'complicated,es'tablishment.
c)词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,ive 后缀的词,重音在
这些后缀的前一个音节上.cour'teous,cal'ligraphy,edi'torial,his'torian,peri'odic,mathe'matics,ex'perience,
suf'ficient,i'dentify,trans'lation,re'ligious,curi'osity,pro'tective.
d)词尾有 -ain,-ee,-eer,-ese,-ette 后缀的词,重音在该后缀上,而且有一个次重音.
enter'tain,emplo'yee,mountai'neer,Japa'nese,ciga'rette.
