如果是指“桌子旁的椅子”这种以椅子为中心的词组,自然把are去掉.如果是说“椅子在桌子旁边”这种句子,一定要有are.前者强调(暂且用这个词,望lz自己体会)椅子的存在,后者则强调椅子存在的位置.
比如这段对话:
--Will you please move the chair for me?
-Sure, which one?
--The chairs near the desk.
-Sorry, I didn't hear you.Where are they?
--They are near the desk.
-的第一个问题,关注的是“你要我移开哪一把椅子”而第二个问题关注的则是“你要我移开的椅子在哪里”.
浅见,没有出处,也未经讨论.仅供lz参考之用.