楼主,很高兴看到你先勇於尝试,再来求证於人.所以我也乐於提出一点意见.
首先,括号中的英语提示有些问题,第1、2条有语法错误,其他有几句也显得有些怪怪的,因为通常不会用上提供的词语.用起来有点牵强, 故另外提供了其它参考译句.
1.我妈妈和我外公一样固执.（stubborn）
My mother is as stubborn as my grandpa.
2.因为下雨.运动会取消了.（on account of）
The sports meeting was cancelled on account of the rain.
*The sports meeting was cancelled due to the rain.
3.这些土豆产自美国.（stem from）
These potatoes stem from American. (这句用stem应该不合适)
*These potatoes are produce of America. 这些土豆是美国的农产品
*These potatoes are produced in America. 这些土豆产自美国
4.我们急需你的帮助.（in dire）
We're in dire need of your help.
5.我是一名专科学生（three year degree）
I am pursuing a three year degree course.
6.XX是一所二流大学.
xx is a second-rate college .
7.贫困生靠助学金生活.（grant）
Students from poor family depend on the grant to make ends meet.
8.对电脑工程师来说,组装电脑非常容易.（assemble）
For a computer enigneer, assembling a computer is a piece of cake.
9.今年的GDP有显著的变化.（broad）
This year's GDP has a broad change.
*There is a significant change in this year's GDP.
10.由于背课文的作用,我的英语突飞猛进.（At the hands of）
I have a breakthrough in English at the hands of my memorizing the lessons in the book.
*I made great progress in English thanks to memorizing the lessons in the book.
